(B) This question has to do with uncertainty regarding the rate of return to investment.
The representative individual maximizes:
EU =
chy
1-y
+BEL- -], y<1
where y> 0 is the coefficient of relative risk aversion. There is only one physical asset
in the economy, namely capital. The individual has an initial wealth, W, consumes
W-K in period 1, and saves (invest) the rest. The return from the investment is
consumed in the second period. Thus
C₂ = KZ,
where Z is the stochastic return on capital. The log of Z is assumed to be normally
distributed with mean and variance o² (obviously and o² refer to a different
random variable here as compared to Question A(b)(ii) above). Thus the expectation of Z
is e(+¹/2) (you are not required to know how to derive this). Note that if Z is lognormal,
so are powers of Z. Hence the expectation of Z" is e(+¹²/2)
(a) Calculate the optimal savings decision. (Note that Hall's Euler equation does not
apply here. Why not?) How does an increase in ² affect saving?
(b) Does your answer to part (a) say anything about the effects of an increase in
uncertainty on savings? (See also question (c) below - in fact, you may wish to
attempt (c) first.)
(c) Holding constant the expectation of Z, how does saving respond to a change
in o²?
(d) How is your answer to (c) affected if y>1, and what is the economic rationale
for this?
Fig: 1
Most Viewed Questions Of Advanced Macroeconomics
2. Solow model with Human capital. Consider the following Solow growth model with human capital a la Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992). "A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth," Quar- terly Journal of Economics 107, 407-437. They treated physical and human capital symmetrically Production function: Y(t) = (A(t)L(t))¹-a-³H(t)³K(t)ª, a, 3 € (0, 1), a + ß < 1. Capital accumulation: K(t) = 8kY(t) — 5K(t), 6, 8k € (0,1). Technical progress: A(t) = est A(0). Population growth: L(t) = entL(0). Human capital accumulation: Ĥ(t) = 8HY(t) - 5H(t), 6, 8H € (0,1). Society invests SH and SK percent of its total income Y in human capital and physical capital, respectively. a. What is the long run (Balanced Growth Path) growth rate of output per capita. Does it depend on sh? 1 b. Write down the stationary system and find out the steady-state level of output, physical and human capital per unit of efficiency labor. Show the dynamics of this system. c. This model augmented with human capital can be tested empirically with cross- country data if we assume that all countries are in the steady-state. Derive a log-linear regression equation for output per worker in the long run. d. Discuss the empirical findings of Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992). Also, what are the main concerns with their empirical strategy?
Use the outreg2-command to generate an Excel table called "2a" containing all results from the loops below. Do not report the constants in the output table. /* Code: */ local Controls "i.country_survey left right male young children_dummy rich university_degree immigrant moved_up" eststo clear foreach var in budget_health budget_defense { eststo: xi: reg `var' q1_to_q1 `Controls' } foreach var in budget_health budget_defense { eststo: xi: reg `var' q1_to_q5 `Controls' }
Exercise 3 You are given the below variables: Price of the good itself Input prices ii. iii. Technology Expectations iv. V. Number of sellers 2 NICA UNIVERSIT State if a change in each of the variables results in a movement along the supply curve or a shift to the curve. Use several arguments to support your answer. (25 marks)
Exercise 4 Analyze using examples The Circular-Flow Diagram. FIRMS Revenue (= GDP) Goods and services sold Factors of production Wages, rent, and profit (= GDP) MARKETS FOR GOODS AND SERVICES MARKETS FOR FACTORS OF PRODUCTION Spending (= GDP) Goods and services bought HOUSEHOLDS Labor, land, and capital Income (= GDP) Figure 1: Mankiw, N.G., 2017. Principles of macroeconomics. Boston: Cengage Learning. = Flow of inputs and outputs = Flow of dollars (25 marks)
1. Solow model. Consider the standard Solow growth model with technological progress (g) and pop- ulation growth (n), where g and n are positive and exogenous. Assume that the economy is initially on the balance growth path. Suddenly there is a one-time unex- pected and permanent downward jump in the number of workers due to a government repatriation program of illegal immigrants. Explain both the immediate and transitional effect of this jump on capital per ef- fective worker and output per effective worker. Draw the time path of output per capita and compare it to the case without the repatriation program.
Exercise 1 You are given the below information: Price of Ice-Cream Cone $0 1 2 3 st 4 5 6 Catherine 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Nicholas 7 6 5 3 2 1 Draw the market demand curve and calculate the market demand for each price. (25 marks)
1. In the first four weeks of this course, you have learned about economic concepts such as supply and demand, scarcity, tradeoff decisions, international trade, opportunity cost, and compound growth. Think about the economic concepts you encountered in the readings for the first three weeks, or those you know about from previously learning or research. These could include concepts such as supply and demand, scarcity, tradeoff decisions, inflation, and opportunity costs. Choose at least one economic concept and describe how it is relevant to the scenario and your two budgets. Write your response to question 1 here.]
5. (9 Points) Consider a Solow economy that begins in steady state. Then a strong earthquake destroys half of the capital stock. Use a Solow diagram to explain how the economy evolves over time. Draw one graph showing the time path of the log level of output per worker (y) and another showing the time path of output per worker's growth rate ().
